Anatomy and Physiology 102 Name_________________________________________
Test 4 practice Date__________________________________________
1. T F Lymphatic nodes have no capsule.
2. T F The thoracic duct drains everything except the right upper quad of the body.
3. T F The lymphatic system above the heart require one way valves to prevent back flow.
4. T F Fever increases the macrophage metabolic rate, generation time, and limits Fe available to bacteria.
5. T F In Rh sickness the maternal liver is able to detoxify bilirubin while the fetus is in utero.
6. T F The blood type AB is known to be the universal recipient.
7. T F IgG has the ability to cross the placenta.
8. T F Antiports in the PCT are for Na/H+ and symporters are for Na+/Glucose.
9. T F Juxtamedullary nephrons have short loops of the nephron.
10. T F ANP is used in the modulation of urinary output during changes in blood pressure by causing the release of aldosterone.
11. T F Potassium imbalances are often seen in dialysis patients due indirectly to the blocking of sodium pumps in the ascending loop of the nephron.
12. T F The normal ratio of bicarb/carbonic acid should be 1 to 20.
13. T F In the major cross match, O given to AB would clump vigorously.
14. T F In the minor cross match, A given to O could clump only with prior exposure to the A blood type.
15. T F The secondary bronchi branches off to 2 lobes on right side.
16. T F Intrapleural pressure is the space between visceral and parietal pleural membranes and contains a low surface tension fluid.
17. T F Humans are "sucker" breathers and create a negative pressure gradient of
negative two mmHg.
18. T F During internal respiration the amount of CO2 in the tissues is 45 mmHg.
19. T F During external respiration the amount of O2 in the atmosphere is 160 mmHg.
20. T F One sign and symptom of emphysema is a high vital capacity.
21. T F CO2 transport is 7% within plasma, 23% within hemoglobin and 70% as bicarbonate.
22. T F The kidneys control blood sugar by gluconeogenesis.
23. T F Clumping from the wrong blood type is a type 2 hypersensitive reaction.
24. T F The T cell system is initially programmed in the lymph nodes.
25. T F MHC-II are found in all cells except RBCs.
26. T F Agglutination is the clumping of soluble particles.
27. T F The blood flow to the kidneys is about 20-25% of total blood flow but only
0.5% of the body mass.
28. T F The kidney eliminates nitrogenous wastes, for example ammonia and urea.
29. T F Bowman's capsule is also known as the glomerular capsule.
30. T F Glomerular filtration is very similar to capillary exchange except that the capsular hydrostatic pressure is elevated to 55mmHg.
31. T F Anti-venom is a form of passive immunization.
32. T F A substance that donates H+ ions into a solution is an acid.
33. T F Proteins larger than 7 nm. are filtered in the urine.
34. T F Water acts a seal within the intrapleural space.
35. T F A solvent is homogenous mixture of insoluble particles.
36. T F The catabolism of fats releases more water than the catabolism of proteins.
37. T F A base can either donate OH- or accept H+.
38. T F 2/3rds of H2O is intracellular.
39. T F Rapid loss of weight, being skinny in general, and being a wrestle mania contestant can cause ptosis of the kidney.
40. T F Aquaporins use facilitated diffusion for the transport of water.
41. T F GFR = GHP - BOP - CHP
42. T F Obligatory reabsorption is on auto-pilot and not subject fine tuning.
43. T F The macula densa cells monitor BP with the afferent arteriole.
44. T F The thick portion of the collecting tubule is sensitive to Aldosterone.
45. T F Antidiuretic hormone promotes an increase of urine output and decrease of
blood pressure.
46. T F Presence of microorganisms, WBC, or pus indicates pyuria.
47. T F High protein diets, drinking a lot of mineral water, high salt, and high PTH can all cause the production of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate crystals.
48. T F Renal plasma clearance is the volume of blood that is cleared of substance per unit volume over time.
49. T F Leaky potassium in the second half of reabsorption of PCT allows for reabsorption of calcium and magnesium.
50. T F Opsonization is the Latin word for seasonings and used in immunity to attract macrophages.
51. The cell messenger that causes an increase in IgA:
a. IL-1
b. IL-3
c. IL-4
d. IL-5
e. IL-12
52. The retaining of fluid in the intercellular space is due to:
a. granzymes
b. hydrophobic molecules
c. macrophages
d. proteoglycans
e. granulysins
53. The lymphatic system has:
a. walls that are thinner than veins
b. more 1 way valves than veins
c. larger lumens than veins
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
54. The function of lysozyme is to:
a. destroy cell walls of bacteria
b. phagocytosis of bacteria
c. protect portals
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
55. Body water is regulated by all of the following except:
a. CAH
b. ADH
c. ANP
d. Angiotemism II
e. vomitting
56. The muscles for inspiration are all of the following except:
a. sternocleidomastoid
b. external intercostsals
c. diaphragm
d. pectoralis minor
e. rectus abdominus
57. Which of the following factors leads to cherry red skin:
a. bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)
b. carbon monoxide
c. carbon dioxide
d. a and b
e. a and c
58. Natural killer cells are believed to eliminate foreign cells by producing:
a. perforins
b. lysozymes
c. granzymes
d. a and b
e. a and c
59. Tubular buffers within the kidneys are important because:
a. they secrete CO2
b. they conserve ammonia
c. they lock H+ within tubule
d. they lock H+ within the capillary
e. they control blood pressure
60. Blood urea nitrogen levels above 26mg/dl could be an indication of:
a. malnutrition
b. extra corporeal lithotripsy
c. pregnancy
d. shock
e. liver malfunction
61. HCO3 below 22 mEq would be caused by all of the following except:
a. diarrhea
b. kidney failure
c. diabetic DKA
d. starvation
e. aspirin OD
62. The control time of blood pH for inorganic salts is:
a. < 1 second
b. minutes
c. hours
d. days
e. weeks
63. The portion of the respiratory tree that follows the terminal bronchi is/are the:
a. tertiary bronchi
b. respiratory bronchi
c. bronchioles
d. alveolar ducts
e. respiratory ducts
64. The portion of the respiratory tree that is highly sensitive to touch is the:
a. vocal folds
b. rima vestibuli
c. rima glottis
d. ventricular folds
e. carina
65.___epiglottis a. small blocks
66.___cricoid b. solid ring on top of trachea
67.___cuneiform c. trap door
68.___corniculate d. attachment for vocal folds
69.___arytenoid e. horn shaped
70.___Hyperphosphotemia a. hypotension
71.___Hypermagnesemia b. tachycardia
72.___Hypercalcemia c. polyuria
73.___Hyperkalemia d. fibrillation
74.___Hyperchloremia e. metabolic acidosis
75.___Hyponatremia a. muscle fatigue/flaccid
76.___Hypochloremia b. muscle spasm/metabolic alkalosis
77.___Hypokalemia c. muscular weakness/shock paralysis
78.___Hypocalcemia d. confusion, seizure, coma
79.___Hypophospatemia e. hyperactive reflexes
80.___ IgG a. sweat
81.___IgA b. causes Rh sickness
82.___ IgM c. pentamer formation
83.___IgD d. differentiation
84.__ IgE e. allergies
85.___Thiazides a. decrease sodium reabsorbtion in late DCT
86.___Lasix b. decrease Na reabsorption in PCT
87.___Caffeine c. decrease Na Cl symporters
88.___Amiloride d. decrease ascending loop reabsorbtion
89.___Aldactone e. decreases aldosterone
Define the following using complete sentences and examples where appropriate.
Complement
Hypoxic constriction