1. T F The percentage of body water in a person decreases with increased fat content.

2. T F The pH of a substance is based on the negative log of the hydrogen ion concentration.

3. T F A base can act as a hydrogen acceptor or a hydrogen donor.

4. T F Weak acids and bases may act as buffers in biological systems.

5. T F The hemoglobin molecule acts as a protein buffer through the Bohr effect.

6. T F The three important aspects in determining pH imbalances is case history, p CO2, and the ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid.

7. The Following are all functions of water except:
a. enters into chemical reactions
b. has a low specific heat
c. acts as a lubricant
d. acts as a seal
e. is the solvent for both solutions and suspensions

8. The following is the average percentage of water in the intracelluar environment.
a. 20%
b. 33%
c. 50%
d. 66%
e. none of the above

9. The approximate amount of water lost from the skin each day is______mls.
a. 100
b. 200
c. 300
d. 600
e. 1500

10. All of the following control fluid levels in the body except:
a. ADH
b. ANP
c. angiotensin I
d. vomiting
e. aldosterone

11. Which of the following has the greatest affect on osmolarity?
a. one mole of sodium
b. one mole of sodium chloride
c. one mole of calcium
d. one mole of calcium chloride
e. all of the above are equal

12. All of the following are causes of respiratory alkalosis except:
a. fever
b. anxiety
c. aspirin
d. COPD
e. CVA

13. The level of bicarbonate that indicates metabolic acidosis is____mEQ.
a. 10
b. 12
c. 22
d. 24
e. 26

14. All of the following are causes of metabolic alkalosis except:
a. kidney failure
b. diuretics
c. vomiting
d. hyperaldosteronism
e. excess antacids

15. The most common anion in the intracelluar space is:
a. protein
b. phosphates
c. bicarbonates
d. sulfates
e. none of the above

16. The most common cation in the plasma is:
a. sodium
b. potassium
c. magnesium
d. calcium
e. none of the above

matching

17.___ hyponatremia                           a. hypoparathyroidism

18.___hypokalemia                              b. diabetes mellitus

19.___hypocalcemia                             c. kidney disease

20.___hypophosphatemia                      d. diarrhea & high water intake

21.___hypomagnesmia                          e. high urination & low absorbtion

22.___hypernatremia                             a. deep breathing

23.___hyperchloremia                            b. ventricular fibrillation

24.___hyperkalemia                               c. intense thirst

25.___hypercalcemia                              d. hyperactive reflexes

25.___hyperphosphatemia                       e. coma